Rui Xing, Wenmei Li, Jiantao Cui, Jun Zhang, Bin Kang, Yuan Wang, Zhaohui Wang, Siqi Liu，Youyong Lu

Gut  doi: 10.1136/gut.2010.230623

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS:

Gastrokine 1 (GKN1) is a stomach-specific protein that is normally expressed in gastric mucosa but not in primary tumours and cell lines. Based on this evidence, it was presumed that GKN1 might play a role in gastric cancer development; however, its function and molecular mechanism are not clear. A systematic study was initiated that combined multiple approaches to define the molecular mechanism of GKN1 in gastric cancer cells.

METHOD:

Proteomics, western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to measure the expression level of GKN1. Western blotting combined with immunofluorescence was used to monitor the secretory process of this protein. Subsequently, the function and molecular mechanism of GKN1 was explored in vitro and in vivo.

RESULTS:

It was shown that GKN1 is an autocrine/paracrine protein and inhibits cell growth due to senescence, which resulted from activation of p16/Rb and p21(waf) pathways. Furthermore, sustained activation of Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signalling was characterised in gastric cancer cells and a xenograft nude mouse model following GKN1 treatment.

CONCLUSION:

These results provide comprehensive molecular evidence of GKN1 in inducing senescence of gastric cancer cells, and indicate that GKN1 might be a potential novel target for gastric cancer therapeutics.